fort monroe

ic Overview of the Threat Construct

Blue

Paradig

m

Blue

Target

Profile

Heavy Forces
Rapid Reinforcement
Propositioned Stocks
Strong Alliance
Nuclear Deterrence

Fixed Targets
Massed-Formati
Logistical Sites
Centralized C2
Terrestrial Comm

Entry Operations
Buildup of Capability
Air/Missile Campaign
Ground/Air Campaign
Transition
Operations

Air and Sea PODs
Forward Bases
LOC's & Log
Stockpiles
Long haul C2
Technical ISR

Alliance and
Coalitions Homelai
Public Support
Will to fight

Cold War

1980
Forward Deployed

Red

Strate

gy

Red

Capabilit

y

77 ?

V> J

Expand Alliance
Arms Race

Overwhelm Defenses
Nuclea’r Deterrence
ADA Supports
Maneuver

Strategic Strike
Global Ai’i 9 & Navy
Echeloned Ground Forces
etc. ....

Forward Presence
:er US & NATO

n m

r

Local/Regional Dominance
Deny Extra Regional Access
Force Preservation/ Regime
Survival

Undermine Alliances &
Coalitions

J

nun

Leverage Technology
£onvenfional & Unconventional

Forces

TBM's, Cruise Missiles
Air & Missile Defenses
Information Operations
Denial & Deception

OLD PARADIGM

Defensive Counterattack

Offensive

xxx

Rear Area Security

Roles

•Deep Operations
•Close Air Support
•Lift/Air Assault
•C2

Conditions

•Linear Battlefield
•Rear Areas (Sanctuary)
•Massed Formations
•Defensive ADA
•Area Lethal SEAD possible

Threats

•Air/Missile Attacks to
Airfields

•SOF Attacks/WME
•Artillery/Rocket Attack to
FARP

•IAD- Protecting Targets
and

Along Routes

•EW- Jamming Corns,

Radars

and GPS

•EMP

•Conventional, Non-Air

NEW PARADIGM

Offensive

Defensive

Recon Fires Complex
Recon Strike Complex
Military Systemology

Roles

•Deep Operations
•Close Air Support
•Lift/Air Assault
•C2

Conditions

•Non-Linear Battlefield
•No Rear Areas
(No Sanctuary)
•Offensive ADA
•Dispersed Targets
•Expanded ISR
•Precision SEAD
Required

Threats

•Air/Missile Attacks
•WME

•Direct Fires
•SOF

•Artillery/Rocket

Attacks

•Passive Sensors
•EW- Jamming Corns,
Radars and GPS
•EMP

Cell/GPS Comms

-

reat Air Defense

UAV/ GPS jamming

Multi-spectral Systems

Missiles

Deception -Ra<|io Net \ EarlyJA/arning
AN PAD!

Command
Centi

Fusion Center

GPS Jamming

Armed Reconnaissance Role

Al

iws Commander
Unimpeded
Rapid Movement

hout Battle:

/ \
/ \

uav/ GPS Jamming

Threat Air Defense Ambus

Early Warning

Anti-Helicopter MinesDeception -Radio Net

Gain Informatii
Superiority
and SA
eny Enemy l

/ \

UAV/ jGPSjafn iti i ng

/

/

/

/

/

Early Warning

MAN PADS

— —

L^frectton Findii

Decoys

Early Warning- HUMINT/SPF

Deception -Radio Net

le

ximizes CClS,
Minimal Time
to React,

ses IAD

Deep Attack Role

m

UAV/ GPS Jamming

Threat Air Defense System Protec

Early Warning

MAN PADS

T

Early Warning- HUMINT/S

Anti-Helicopter MinesDeception -Radio Net

General Air Defense Trends (U)

WHY IT'S CHANGING

igh

Multi Function Missile Systdrm

ADA/SAM MIX

L

Millimeter Wave Radars P

Multi-spectral
Sensors

Improved Munitions

TODAY 2000 201!>

Applying Lessons L
Adoptive and Ad

*

Emerging

Today -Tomorrow

Emerging S

Multi-spectral sensor integr
NOE/OTH Radar capability
Integration of gun and missilBedundant C3I
Advanced munitions

Enhanced targeting

Dispersed, Integrated,
and Decentralized
engagement

Mixed automated and
manual tracking-- win war
of weather

Maximum use of complex
terrain

EVOLUTION CHARACTERIZED BY CHANGE IN THE

TARGET SET

Non Traditional Air
Defense Employment ...
Air Defense Ambush

AD Missile Trends

• Dual Mode S&sker

• SzjIv&s

• Multi-missile Guidance
Capability

• Target Priority TBM, Cruise
Missile and MmmK

• Increased Range

Strategies

Mobility
Target C2ISR

Increase Bins Air Stand-off
Ctmlse Missile Threat

Tactical System Trends

• Networked Systems

• Airburst Munitions

• Advanced Signet
Processing

improved dirtier
Processing
Target Recognition

• Combination ADA/SAM
Systems

• Sensor is^tegmilen
Radar/EO

Passive Interce pt
Point "forget Defense
Air Defense Ambush
Met Tied to Troops

All Weather Targeting

C: Wpns Trends

AD Radar Trends

• Millimeter Wmve
Reduce Ground " Clutter "
Hover detection

• Phased Array

•Low Probability Of
Intercept
Low peak power
Frequency Modulated
High Operating Frequency

• Advanced Sign®!
Processing

ompllmentary System
Redundant
Sensor Fusion

MAN PADS Trends

• Improved Radar mnd
Infrared Guidance

•din pro wad Seekers

• Increased range

•All Aspect ongsjgofnonit
Capability

Mistral

Source: U.S. Army

K

Stinger

• Increased Countermeasure
Czj pability

Strategies

Offensive

Ambush

UAV - Trends

Attack UAV

• TARGETS gg^ggEB

• AIR DEFENSE RADARS

• ARMOR

• C2

• PASSIVE SENSORS

• IR

• RF SEEKERS

• ACOUSTIC

• SMALL WARHEADS

• HE - POSSIBLE CHEMICAL

• FRAG

- POSSIBLE BIOLOGICAL

40 + countries developing/using U/ Vs
Difficult to detect , track, and destr ly
UAVs are proven force multipliers

Strategies
Reduce Air Force Requireme
Near Real Time Intelligence
Degrade Digitized Battlefield
Preserve Force

Electronic Warfare UAV

Dedicated Com ms Jammer

Aircraft Trends

• ff9e#»s?s®«! US’S

Of PGMs/Crulse Missiles

• increased Stand-off
Range

• Reduced Radar Cross
Section

• Increased Aircraft
Survivability

• Increased Multi-role
Variants

Strategies
Regional Dominance
Potential Air Threat
Survivability vs Attack

AIRCRAFT CAN STILL REPRESENT A LETHAL THREAT.

Helicopter Trends

• Increased Stand-off
Range

• Improved Accuracy

• Better Might & Adverse
Weath er Capability

• Improved Aircraft
Survivability Systems

• Improved IR Signature
Reduction Technology

Strategies

Reconnaissance
Limited Attack w/ Conditions

[tack Helicopters Are A Dangerous Threat To T

Maneuver Force

Aviation Implications

Aviation Operational Environment Highlights:

■ a wider spectrum of operations, increased threat
technological capability and unpredictability leading
to a more complex and challenging range of operating
environments . .

"In association with an Adaptive and Adoptive Threat

* A Challenge for Independent Maneuver

* Suggests Combined Arms operations

* Extremely lethal, offensively oriented air defense
environment

* Degradation of U.S. technological superiority

* Changed target sets

* Challenges US preferred method of
Warfare.... Standoff, Precision